National

The 21st International Institute of Fisheries Economics & Trade (IIFET) Conference will take place from July 15 to 19, 2024, in Penang, Malaysia. This year’s theme, “Aquatic Food Systems in the Blue Economy,” highlights the critical intersection of fisheries and aquaculture economics with global challenges like food system sustainability, economic inequality, climate change, and the aftermath of COVID-19.

Returning to Asia for the first time since 2008, the biennial conference is organized by WorldFish and Malaysia’s Department of Fisheries. It aims to foster discussions on creating a resilient blue economy that ensures healthy people, a healthy planet, and shared prosperity.

ISD’s Co-organized Session on Regenerative Aquaculture

A key session, “Regenerative Aquaculture: Economics and Policy,” co-organized by the International Development Research Centre (IDRC) and WorldFish, will be held on July 16, 2024, from 15:30 to 17:00 MYT at the Wembley Hotel.

The session will tackle the challenges aquaculture faces, including changing consumer demands, geopolitical trade issues, regulatory challenges, and the need to adapt to climate change. It will also explore how the sector can reduce emissions, produce nutritious food, and provide decent work, especially for women and youth in coastal communities.

Key Discussion Points:

– Can aquaculture be nature-positive and inclusive while meeting the demand for affordable, nutritious food?

– What are the production potentials, profitability, required incentive mechanisms, and costs of transitioning to regenerative aquaculture?

The session, supported by the AQUADAPT program funded by IDRC and the Government of Canada, will feature a panel of experts including Eddie Allison (WorldFish), Mélanie Robertson (IDRC), Nikita Gopal (Indian Council of Agricultural Research), Ling Cao (Shanghai Jiao Tong University), Justin Hunter (J. Hunter Pearls), Victor Nikijuluw (Konservasi Indonesia), Andrew Ng (HJT Foods Sdn. Bhd.), and Prashneel Chandra (Ministry of Fisheries, Fiji).

The IIFET 2024 conference promises to be a significant platform for sharing innovative ideas and solutions for sustainable economic development in the aquatic food sector.

Madurai, Tamil Nadu, hosted the ‘Fisheries Summer Meet 2024’ organized by the Department of Fisheries, Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry & Dairying, Government of India. The event aimed to recognize the contributions of fish farmers, aquapreneurs, and fishermen in developing the fisheries sector, showcasing the achievements of DoF (GoI) and raising awareness about the sector.

Union Minister Shri Rajeev Ranjan Singh alias Lalan Singh inaugurated 312 fisheries projects across 19 States/UTs with an investment of Rs. 114 crores under the flagship scheme Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY). Shri Singh emphasized the importance of high-quality seeds, brood banks, RAS, Biofloc, deep-sea vessels, and technology infusion to boost production. He encouraged States/UTs to raise awareness about Kisan Credit Cards (KCC) and insurance.

Prof. S.P. Singh Baghel, Minister of State for Fisheries, Animal Husbandry & Dairying, and Panchayati Raj, highlighted the significance of knowledge exchange among beneficiaries and officials from various states. He stressed the importance of sustainable fishing practices and the critical role of fishers and fish farmers in meeting rising food and nutrition demands.

Union Minister Inaugurates Fisheries Projects at Fisheries Summer Meet in Madurai

Fisheries Summer Meet 2024 Highlights Contributions of Fish Farmers and Aqua Preneurs

Shri George Kurian, MoS of MoFAH&D and Ministry of Minority Affairs, noted the achievements of the Indian fisheries sector and the unique contribution of inland fisheries. He emphasized substantial investments in schemes and the government’s vision for holistic growth, prioritizing socio-economic prosperity for fishers and farmers.

State Fisheries Ministers shared their states’ growth and development in the fisheries sector, focusing on technical training, capacity building, handholding, technology infusion, and research. They also proposed prioritizing support for the families and welfare of traditional fishers and fish farmers.

Dr. Abhilaksh Likhi, Secretary, DoF, GoI, welcomed the senior leadership gathering, followed by a video on DoF (GoI) achievements. Shri Sagar Mehra, Joint Secretary (IF), presented the sector’s progress and efforts made by DoF (GoI), covering various focus areas, including production, aquaculture, and ongoing schemes. He also introduced the Pradhan Mantri Matsya Kisan Samridhi Sah Yojana (PM-MKSSY), a new sub-scheme under PMMSY.

Beneficiaries from different States/UTs interacted with Union Minister Shri Rajiv Ranjan Singh, discussing their experiences and issues and appreciating DoF (GoI) efforts. Dr. J.K. Jena, DDG (Fisheries) from ICAR, presented research and development initiatives in fisheries and aquaculture, followed by discussions with state representatives.

The observations from the Fisheries Summer Meet 2024 are expected to define priorities for the successful implementation of projects and identify sectoral needs for the sustainable, equitable, and inclusive development of the Indian fisheries sector.

Padma shri Dr. Modadugu Vijay Gupta, an Indian biologist and fisheries scientist, is celebrated on National Fish Farmers Day for his profound impact on the lives of the world’s most impoverished. His vision and dedication have brought about transformative changes, particularly in aquaculture, empowering communities globally.

Born on 17 August 1939 in Bapatla, Andhra Pradesh, Dr. Gupta dreamt of a world without poverty. As a boy, he watched local fishermen live happily despite their hardships, which ignited his passion for fisheries science. Determined to break the cycle of poverty, he pursued a career in aquaculture research, striving to develop sustainable technologies directly in the field.

Gupta’s groundbreaking work took him to Bangladesh in the 1970s, where he immersed himself in the lifestyle of local farmers, learning their language and understanding their needs. He identified fish species suitable for local conditions and developed low-cost aquaculture technologies, proving their efficacy in real-world settings. His innovative approach turned any water body into a potential fish farm, empowering rural communities to become self-reliant.

One of Dr. Gupta’s most significant contributions was his focus on women’s empowerment. He discovered that women in Southeast Asia had a natural talent for fish farming. By teaching them aquaculture, he not only improved their livelihoods but also fostered their independence and human rights.

Dr. Gupta’s efforts earned him the World Food Prize in 2005 and the Sunhak Peace Prize in 2015. In 2023, the Government of India honored him with the Padma Shri. His work at WorldFish, under CGIAR, has left a lasting legacy in Asia, Africa, and the Pacific.

Today, as we honor fish farmers across the nation, Dr. Gupta’s story serves as a beacon of hope and inspiration. His life’s work exemplifies how one person’s dedication can pave the way for a revolution, lifting countless lives out of poverty and creating a sustainable future for generations to come.

The Aar Tangra fish, also known as Aor or Seenghala, is a beloved staple in Eastern Indian cuisine, celebrated for its delicate, flaky flesh and mild, slightly sweet flavor. This freshwater fish thrives in the rivers and ponds of South Asia, particularly in regions like West Bengal, Assam, and Bangladesh.

Where to Find Aar Tangra Fish

Aar Tangra fish is commonly found in local fish markets across Eastern India, where they are freshly caught from nearby rivers and ponds. You can also find it in some supermarkets and specialty seafood stores. The price of Aar Tangra fish typically ranges from ₹200 to ₹400 per kilogram, depending on the season and availability.

Nutritional Value of Aar Tangra Fish

Aar Tangra fish is not only delicious but also packed with essential nutrients. It is a rich source of high-quality protein, which is vital for muscle growth and repair. The fish is also loaded with omega-3 fatty acids, known for promoting heart health and reducing inflammation. Additionally, Aar Tangra fish contains important vitamins such as Vitamin B12, which supports nerve function and blood formation, and minerals like calcium and phosphorus, crucial for maintaining healthy bones.

Culinary Specialty of Aar Tangra Fish

With its medium-firm texture and mild flavor, Aar Tangra fish is incredibly versatile in the kitchen. In Bengali cuisine, it shines in dishes like Aar Macher Jhal, a spicy and aromatic curry. The fish also tastes wonderful when fried, grilled, or baked. Popular cooking methods include using mustard or coconut milk bases, which complement the fish’s natural flavors beautifully.

Tips for Cooking Aar Tangra Fish

When selecting Aar Tangra fish, look for those with bright, clear eyes and red gills to ensure freshness. The fish has a slightly slimy coating that can be removed by washing it thoroughly with salt and lime juice. Due to its medium-sized bones, it’s advisable to be cautious when preparing it for children or those who prefer boneless fish.

In conclusion, the Aar Tangra fish is a culinary gem that offers both delicious taste and significant health benefits. Its unique flavor and nutritional value make it a valuable addition to any diet. The next time you’re at the market, consider picking up Aar Tangra fish and enjoy the rich culinary traditions it brings to your table.

Bhukya Saikumar, a second-year postgraduate student of Fisheries at an autonomous Government Degree and Pg college in Siddipet, has made headlines by securing a place in the Telangana Book of Records for his groundbreaking research in fisheries science. His remarkable achievements at such a young age underscore his dedication to aquatic biodiversity conservation.

Hailing from Teerthala village in Khammam district, Saikumar began his research journey in October last year under the mentorship of Ayodhya Reddy, Head of the Fisheries Department, along with professors Jagadeeswarachari and Ramkumar. He meticulously collected and documented a wide array of fish species, including 42 types of fish records and eight endangered species like the extinct Mulgu fish and Moya fish (Labio Potel).

Saikumar’s passion for fisheries stems from his upbringing. Inspired by his father, Bhukya Basu, a seasoned fisherman. Saikumar developed a deep-seated interest in exploring the diverse world of fish. His early exposure to fishing, coupled with his natural curiosity, fueled his pursuit of a fisheries degree. He impressively mastered the scientific names of over 100 fish species, demonstrating his commitment and enthusiasm for the field.

Bhukya Saikumar Makes Waves in Telangana Book of Records with Groundbreaking Fisheries Research

Recognized for his outstanding contributions, Saikumar’s research findings have been integrated into the college’s fisheries laboratory, enriching the understanding of aquatic biodiversity. His significant achievements were formally acknowledged by the Telangana Book of Records, cementing his place as a pioneering researcher in the field.

Saikumar has conducted six major research projects in the fisheries sector, with his work published in prestigious international journals. His studies encompass diverse topics such as the benefits of aquatic plants, conservation of endangered fish species, artificial fish fry production, and integrated fish farming. Supported by certificate courses in Fisheries and the guidance of his college faculty, Saikumar continues to set new benchmarks in fisheries science.

Bhukya Saikumar’s journey from a rural village to the Telangana Book of Records is a testament to his passion and dedication to advancing fisheries science. His pioneering work not only contributes significantly to the field but also inspires future generations of researchers.

Andhra Pradesh Fisheries Minister K. Atchannaidu has announced a groundbreaking initiative to install satellite systems on 4,000 fishing boats, ensuring fishermen’s safety during natural calamities. This first phase is part of a broader plan to eventually equip all 20,000 fishing boats in the state. The announcement was made during the minister’s first department review meeting since assuming office.

The satellite system project aims to alert fishermen about approaching natural disasters and guide them safely back to shore. Minister Atchannaidu emphasized the critical need for this technology to enhance the safety and security of the fishing community.

Additionally, Minister Atchannaidu addressed the pending diesel subsidy dues from the previous YSRCP government, amounting to Rs 10 crore. He instructed officials to clear these dues promptly to provide relief to the fishermen. The minister also directed officials to study and adopt effective fisheries development policies from other states like Kerala and Gujarat to improve Andhra Pradesh’s fisheries sector.

During the review meeting at the Commissioner of Fisheries office on July 10th, Minister Atchannaidu called for a thorough investigation into the tender process for five fishing harbours (Biyyaputippa, Budagatlapalem, Kothapatnam, Pudimadaka, and Vodarevu) awarded between 2019 and 2024. He highlighted the need to uncover any irregularities and ensure transparency

The minister also demanded a report within three weeks on the ex-gratia payments made to fishermen during the annual fishing ban over the last five years, suspecting that many ineligible persons might have received benefits.

Minister Atchannaidu urged officials to boost fisheries and aqua production and exports, leveraging the state’s 975-km-long coastline. He suggested exploring the potential for creating aqua hubs similar to the existing facility at Kalidindi.

Prominent attendees at the meeting included Penamaluru MLA Bode Prasad, Secretary (Aquaculture, Horticulture and Fisheries) Babu A, Commissioner A. Surya Kumari, and several other key officials

This initiative marks a significant step towards enhancing the safety, productivity, and transparency in Andhra Pradesh’s fisheries sector.

On the occasion of the 24th National Fish Farmers’ Day, two exemplary fish farmers from Arunachal Pradesh were honored with the prestigious Best Fish Farmer awards. Yamoty Pigyor and Kesang Naksang, both hailing from Shi Yomi, were recognized for their outstanding contributions to trout culture.

The Directorate of Fisheries, Government of Arunachal Pradesh, nominated these two progressive farmers for their remarkable achievements. Their dedication and innovative practices have set new benchmarks in cold water fisheries, a sector that is gaining tremendous momentum in the state.

“Cold water fisheries are becoming increasingly significant in Arunachal Pradesh, and fish farmers are pivotal in accelerating production,” said J. Taba, Director of Fisheries. “The success stories of Yamoty Pigyor and Kesang Naksang are inspiring examples of how commitment and hard work can transform the fisheries landscape.”

The recognition of these farmers highlights the growing importance of trout culture in the region. Their work not only boosts local fish production but also provides valuable insights and techniques that other farmers can emulate.

The awards were presented in a ceremony that celebrated the achievements of fish farmers across the nation. The event underscored the critical role of fish farming in enhancing food security, creating employment opportunities, and contributing to the sustainable development of rural communities.

National Fish Farmers’ Day serves as a platform to acknowledge the hard work and dedication of fish farmers who strive to improve aquaculture practices. The recognition of Yamoty Pigyor and Kesang Naksang is a testament to the potential of fish farming in Arunachal Pradesh and a motivator for others in the field to pursue excellence.

As cold-water fisheries continue to expand in Arunachal Pradesh, the contributions of these award-winning farmers will undoubtedly inspire and drive the sector towards greater heights.

President of India, Droupadi Murmu, recently tweeted about the critical state of the world’s oceans and the urgent need for conservation. She emphasized, “More than seventy percent of the surface of the earth is made up of oceans, and global warming is leading to a rise in global sea levels, threatening to submerge coastal areas. The oceans and the rich variety of flora and fauna found there have suffered heavily due to different kinds of pollution.”

President Murmu also highlighted the traditional wisdom of coastal communities, saying, “Fortunately, people living in nature’s lap have sustained traditions that can show us the way. Inhabitants of coastal areas, for example, know the language of the winds and waves of the sea. Following our ancestors, they worship the sea as God.”

She proposed a dual approach to tackling environmental challenges: “There are two ways, I believe, to meet the challenge of protection and conservation of the environment; broader steps that can come from governments and international organizations, and smaller, local steps that we can take as citizens. The two are, of course, complementary.”

President Murmu concluded with a call to action, urging everyone to take individual and local steps for a sustainable future: “Let us pledge to do what we can do – individually, locally – for the sake of a better tomorrow. We owe it to our children

India stands tall as the world’s third-largest fish producer, contributing a remarkable 7.56% to global fish production. It also ranks as the second-largest aquaculture nation worldwide. In the year 2022-2023, India recorded an astounding fish production of 175.45 lakh tonnes, with 131.13 lakh tonnes from the inland sector and 44.32 lakh tonnes from the marine sector. Freshwater fish dominate Indian aquaculture, with Andhra Pradesh emerging as the leading fish production hub in 2024, boasting an output exceeding four million metric tons, followed by West Bengal and Gujarat.

The Unsung Heroes: Fishermen

Fishermen play a crucial role in driving India’s economic growth through the fisheries sector. This promising industry provides livelihood, employment, and entrepreneurship opportunities to over 28 million fishers and fish farmers at the primary level, with several lakhs more involved along the value chain. Fish and fish products have emerged as one of the largest groups in India’s agricultural exports, achieving an all-time high marine export earning of Rs. 63,969 crores in 2022-23. With a coastline of 7,516.60 km, including the Andaman & Nicobar and Lakshadweep Islands, India’s potential for marine fisheries is significant. However, several factors contribute to the current production dynamics.

The Balance of Inland and Marine Fisheries

India boasts a vast coastline of 7,516.60 kilometers, including the Andaman & Nicobar and Lakshadweep Islands. Despite this, 70% of fish production comes from freshwater sources, with the remaining 30% from marine fisheries. Several factors contribute to this disparity:

• The Indian government actively promotes inland fisheries through subsidies, loans, and training programs for fish farmers.
• Inland fisheries can be managed more sustainably with proper water management and stocking practices.
• Overfishing in coastal waters has led to declining fish stocks, limiting marine fisheries’ potential.
• Pollution and habitat degradation in coastal areas negatively impact fish populations.
• Rising sea temperatures and ocean acidification affect the distribution and abundance of marine fish species.

Government Initiatives and Challenges

The government’s 61-day fishing ban for motorized vessels is a commendable step to increase fish populations and reduce pollution. However, traditional non-motorized boats are still allowed. Extending the ban to non-motorized boats could significantly boost production. Yet, the government must also ensure timely compensation and support for fishermen during the ban period to safeguard their livelihoods. There have been reports of delayed and inconsistent compensation, particularly in Odisha, which need to be addressed.

Addressing Environmental and Operational Challenges

The marine environment faces threats from ghost gear and deep trawling. Ghost gear endangers marine life, trapping turtles and fish, while deep trawling disrupts coral reefs essential for marine biodiversity. On this special day, we urge all fishermen to cease these harmful practices to protect our marine ecosystems.

Fishing is a physically demanding and dangerous profession, both in inland and marine sectors. Inland fish farmers face challenges such as disease and water management, while marine fishermen contend with climate change, food scarcity, and the inherent dangers of fishing at sea. Key issues include:

• Limited access to education and training opportunities.
• Inadequate cold storage facilities and transportation networks.
• Exploitation by middlemen who control market access and prices.
• Volatile fish prices affecting income stability.
• Reliance on loans for boat maintenance, fuel, and gear, leading to cycles of debt.
• Climate change impacting fish migration patterns and populations.

Empowering Women in Fisheries

Women play a crucial role in fisheries, extending beyond pre- and post-harvest activities to significant contributions in aquaculture and fish farming. The Indian government has launched initiatives like the “Mahila Arthik Samman Yojana” to empower women through Self-Help Groups (SHGs) in fisheries, providing loans and training for small businesses in fish processing and marketing. Women’s contributions are vital, particularly in fish and shrimp processing industries.

Acknowledgements and Gratitude

We express our heartfelt thanks to all fish farmers, stakeholders, industry professionals, officials, and researchers for their efforts in elevating India’s fish production. On this National Fish Farmers Day, we wish every fish farmer a happy and prosperous future.

Fishing is not just a livelihood; it’s the backbone of India’s blue economy, driving growth, sustainability, and prosperity.

Happy National Fish Farmers Day!

Gorre Dhanush

PhD in Marine Biology & Oceanography

Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology

Annamalai University

National Fish Farmer’s Day is celebrated every year on July 10th to honour and appreciate the vital role played by scientists, fish farmers, aquaculture industry professionals and other related stakeholders in developing a sustainable and successful fisheries sector. The invaluable contributions of fish farmers and their commitment towards sustainable aquaculture practices are noteworthy in the fisheries economy point of view in our country. On July 10th in 1957, the successful induced breeding of Indian Major Carps was taken up by Dr. Hiralal Chaudhury and his colleague Dr. Alikunhi at the Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute (CIFRI) in Cuttack, Odisha. It is a day to recognize and appreciate the hard work and dedication of these scientists, who with a lot of organisational support achieved this feat that has revolutionised the entire fisheries sector.

The induced breeding of Indian Major Carps was a major breakthrough in the field of aquaculture as farmers hitherto strived hard and dependent on natural resources for fish seed collection. This breeding technique allowed fish farmers to produce ample fish seed on a much larger scale, which paved the way to meet the growing demand for fish in India. At present, India is ranked second in the world for aquaculture. The nation’s economy and general development are greatly influenced by the fisheries sector which is aptly known as the ‘sunrise sector’.

With the rapid depletion of terrestrial food resources, the rational exploitation of aquatic resources has gained importance. Fish is a healthy and nutritious food, cheap, rich in protein, easily digestible and it is a good source of omega-3 fatty acids. By promoting sustainable approaches in fish farming, an ample food supply for future food security is an urgent need. National Fish Farmer’s Day serves as a reminder of the significance of sustainable aquaculture and encourages fish farmers to adopt good management practices

Indeed, fish farming is a major source of employment in India and it provides a sustainable source of protein for the teeming masses. The importance of the National Fish Farmers Day lies in highlighting the significant role to be played by fish farmers and other stakeholders.

∙ Fish farming supports global food security by supplying a stable protein source, meeting increasing aquatic food demand amid rising populations.

∙ Fish farming is pivotal economically in coastal and rural areas, creating jobs, generating income and supporting local economies through several subsidiary industries.

∙ Fish farming fosters innovation in aquaculture technology, genetics, and farming techniques, disease control and overall sustainability.

∙ Fish farming promotes a wide variety of nutritious aquatic food with good quality and at reasonable price.

∙ Sustainable practices are to be followed like efficient water use, responsible feed sourcing and waste management to minimize environmental impact, safeguarding aquatic ecosystems and biodiversity.

The status of fresh water fish culture as a “sunrise sector” highlights its potential for significant growth and development in the coming years.

Andhra Pradesh is known for its aquaculture practices, particularly in freshwater fish farming. The state has favourable geographical conditions, including a long coastline, numerous rivers and suitable climate, which are conducive to aquaculture activities. The Indian major carps (Catla, Rohu, Mrigal) followed by exotic carps (Common carp, Grass carp, silver carp) and other freshwater exotic fish such as Tilapia and Pangasius coupled with fresh water prawn, Macrobrachium rosembergii (Scampi) forms the main candidate species for taking up freshwater aquaculture. As far as seed production is considered, Spawn Production in Government Farms is more than 6000 lakhs whereas in private Farms, it is more than 5,00,000 lakhs. The general assumption is that fry production from spawn will be 25% and fingerling production from fry will be 50%. As of now, Andhra Pradesh is a fish seed surplus state. The fish seed farms (Nurseries & Rearing Ponds) in Andhra Pradesh play a crucial role in supplying quality fish seeds (fingerlings and juveniles) to fish farmers across the state and even to other parts of India. These farms are essential for maintaining a steady supply of juvenile fish for stocking ponds and reservoirs.

Over the years, Andhra Pradesh has seen advancements in making attempts to rear advanced yearlings (Farmer’s innovation as ‘Zero Point Culture’) as part of withstanding diseases, obtaining fast growth in lesser time with higher survival rates. This has improved the quality and productivity of fish seeds produced, thereby enhancing the overall efficiency of aquaculture operations.

Needless to say, the state government of Andhra Pradesh has implemented various policies and schemes to support the aquaculture sector, including subsidies for establishing fish seed farms, training programs for farmers and infrastructure development — all these led to the overall development of the fish farming sector. The major challenges encountered in this sector are disease outbreaks, Anti-Microbial Resistance (AMR) due to irrational usage of antibiotics, environmental impacts and market fluctuations.

Fish seed farming contributes significantly to the rural economy of Andhra Pradesh by providing employment opportunities, income generation for farmers and plays a crucial role in sustaining the state’s vibrant aquaculture industry, supporting food security, rural livelihoods, and economic growth. The hard work, research with dedication of scientists of yesteryears has ushered into today’s ‘Blue Revolution.’

“The heights by great men reached and kept were not attained by sudden flight, but they, while their companions slept, were toiling upward in the night.”                   —— H.W.Longfellow

Author– Dr.P. Ram Mohan Rao, Ph.D.; Dy. Director of Fisheries (Rtd), Kakinada.